Self-Certification
Self-certification is the process by which employees declare their own sickness absence for the first 7 days without needing a doctors note.
processes
Category
beginner
Difficulty
4 min read
Read time
2025-01-15
Updated
Definition
Short definition
Self-certification is the process by which employees declare their own sickness absence for the first 7 days without needing a doctors note.
Detailed explanation
Self-certification allows employees in the UK to confirm they were genuinely sick for absences of 7 calendar days or less without requiring medical evidence. From day 8, a fit note from a doctor is required.
Many employers use a self-certification form (SC2 or company equivalent) to be completed on return to work. This documents the reason for absence and the dates absent.
Self-certification balances practicality (avoiding unnecessary GP visits for minor illness) with accountability for absence. The 7 days includes weekends and non-working days.
Practical guidance
How it works
Employee is sick, notifies employer per policy. For absences up to 7 days, completes self-certification on return. From day 8, fit note from doctor required.
Best practices
Have clear self-certification form
Complete on day of return
Use in RTW interview
Track patterns
Keep records
Legal context
Legal basis
Social Security (Medical Evidence) Regulations 1976
Jurisdiction: United Kingdom
Key provisions
Employees can self-certify for first 7 days
7 days includes non-working days
Fit note required from day 8
Employer can require own form
SSP waiting days still apply (3 days)
Official source
Frequently asked questions
Does 7 days include weekends?
Yes. The 7 days for self-certification is calendar days, not working days. So if you are off Thursday to the following Thursday, that is 8 days and requires a fit note.
Can my employer demand a fit note earlier?
No. Employers cannot require a fit note for the first 7 days. They can require self-certification but not medical evidence until day 8.
Related glossary terms
Sick Leave
Sick leave is time off work taken by an employee due to illness or injury, which may be paid or unpaid depending on employment terms and statutory requirements.
Fit Note
A fit note is a UK doctors statement about whether an employee is not fit for work, or may be fit for work with adjustments, required after 7 days of sickness absence.
Statutory Sick Pay
Statutory Sick Pay (SSP) is the minimum sick pay UK employers must pay eligible employees who are off work due to illness, currently £116.75 per week for up to 28 weeks.
Return to Work
Return to work refers to processes for bringing employees back after absence, including RTW interviews to discuss absence, support needs, and any adjustments required.